Provisions and rules governing the economic and economic system and traditional systems; A comparative study

Prepared by the researche : Prof.Dr. Salah Mohamed Ibrahim Ahmed – Professor of Economics, Dean of the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research, White Nile University, Kosti, Sudan

Democratic Arabic Center

International Journal of Economic Studies : Thirty-second Issue – February 2025

A Periodical International Journal published by the “Democratic Arab Center” Germany – Berlin

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Abstract

The study aimed to compare consumption between the Islamic economic system and the traditional economic systems, the problem lies in the confusion and confusion that many consumers fall into regarding consumption, where consumers do not differentiate between beneficial and harmful, the study used the comparative descriptive historical approach, the study also found the most important results that consumption in the Islamic economic system is restricted by divine rulings, doctrinal principles, the noble Prophet’s Sunnah, sources of ijtihad  analogy as pillars and pillars,  the afterlife, that the consumption controls in the traditional economic systems are linked to the theories,  laws that are from legislation,  the situation of human beings who are full of deficiencies and deficiencies, that the Islamic economy prohibits the consumption of malicious goods,  services that bring harm, the most important recommendations of the study are that countries must rationalize consumption, preserve economic resources, not squander,  waste them, and unanimously stop the production of all malicious destructive commodities harmful to society such as drugs, alcohol,  weapons of mass destruction. Economic resources must be used optimally that achieves well-being, goodness, development, takes into account the public interest.

Introduction

Since God created man and sent him to the earth, the Almighty commanded him to beat the earth and seek the grace of God, His grace and his goodness, because God Almighty said : (The sweetest of the good things from the lively God forbids and consumes what is the sweetest of God, and we move away from what God has forbidden, and the human being is the successor of God in the earth. You know) Surat Al -Baqarah verse 30, and when Satan disobeyed his Lord and refused to prostrate to the human being and arrogated his expulsion, the Exalted, the Majestic from his mercy. For them that this tree is the immortal tree and a king who does not wear out, and the human being in its nature is weak and loves eternity and the king who does not end, so he hit the weakness and disobeyed his Lord. And the landing to the earth, because the Almighty said : “So Satan removed them from it, so he brought them out of what they were in and said. It is the compassionate repentance, the instinct of disobedience is innate and the human being clung to life is a divine instinct, and his love for consuming good things and pleasures is the desire of God, glory be to Him.

1. The first axis: the systematic framework and previous studies

The problem of the study: The problem of study lies in the confusion and confusion in which many consumers fall into the matter of consumption, as many people consume permissible and forbidden and do not differentiate between what is forbidden and what is analyzed and the permissible with the forbidden to them without any observance of the orders of God who created and commanded creatures With the consumption of some of them and the deprivation of some of them, for an order that God knows and humans do not teach, and therefore the permissible goods and the forbidden goods and between them were a simple hair, the permissible between and the forbidden between them and between them is suspicious.

The importance of the study :

The importance of the study is limited to the accuracy of the consumers of good things, and avoiding consumption of forbidden goods, and this requires humans not to go into the eating of the forbidden and eat people’s money unlawfully and not to infringe on the rights and wealth of others, lack of looting, fraud, fraud, deception and fraud.

Study objectives :

1- Knowing the permissible and forbidden consumption of produced and manufactured goods.

2 – A comparison between Islamic economic systems and positive systems.

3 – Establish accuracy and not to fall into suspicions and distinguish between legitimate consumption and forbidden consumption.

4 – The definition of any of them is useful to human beings, its Islamic economy or the traditional positive economy.

Study hypotheses :

1- There is a significant relationship between consumption controls, provisions, principles and rules of Islamic economics.

2 – There is a significant relationship between the controls of consumption, theories and laws of the capitalist economy.

3 – There is a significant relationship between consumption controls, theories and laws of socialist economy.

Study methodology :

The study used the comparative descriptive historical approach.

Study limits :

Objective limits : a study of comparing the rulings and rules that control consumption in the Islamic economic system and traditional economic regulations.

Sources and tools for collection of study data :

Initial sources include the Holy Quran, the noble Prophet’s Sunnah, and the secondary books and references.

Study structure :

Consists of three axes of the first axis : the systematic framework and previous studies, the second axis : theoretical framework, and the third axis : consumption and ownership in Islamic thought, the fourth axis: comparison of consumption in the Islamic economic system and traditional positive systems, the fifth axis: results, recommendations, sources and references

2. The second axis : theoretical framework

Rulings and rules in the Islamic economy :

Islam dealt with human life in both spiritual and material aspects. It was not limited to mere beliefs and spiritual guidance, but also came with economic, social and political guidance and principles to organize society, and the Islamic economy starts from two basic rules :

The first rule : the set of principles and principles as mentioned in the Holy Quran and the Prophet’s Sunnah, and includes ideological principles – moral principles – legislative principles – jurisprudence sources.

The second rule : the set of foundations, procedures and policies chosen to achieve the goals of the Islamic economic system.

Figure No. (1) Clarifies the provisions of the rules of Islamic economics

Source: Preparation of the researcher from the basics of the Islamic economist

Doctrinal principles :

First : The human being in general is taken from God in this land for its architecture and investing its goods, and the principle of the human caliphate on the earth has several results : A/ The group’s rights must be taken into account. B/ A waiver of part of the money to pay zakat. C/ Acknowledging the social function of the money.

Second : The land is in particular, the universe and what is in general, they have been harnessed to the human being in order to be able to achieve the goals of the disagreement, because the Almighty said : (He who made you the earth is humiliated, so walk in its calamities, and they both of his livelihood and to him the publishing) The Holy Quran, Surat Al -Malik, verse 15.

Third : The harnessing of the earth and the universe of man and the disagreement of God in the earth requires the benefit of man with what God created in the universe, and his investment because of the good and fruits of the earth for his saying most of the matter : (Eat from his fruit if he resulted in their right and his right is the day Al -Karim, Surat Al -Anam, verse 14.

Fourth : The practice of economic activity in Islam, whether by work, production, consumption, or investment, is not an end in itself, but rather a necessary means required by the human instinct that God has broken it.

Fifth : The money that a person acquires as a result of its acquisition of halal does not give its owner a special privilege, nor does he attach to the loss of money or poverty in disgrace and do not detract from any of his human or social rights.

Sixth : Every person bears the result of his work, activity, and consumption, and he is responsible for him in the world and responsibility in the first place before God.

Ethical principles : Islamic legislation does not separate ethical principles and legislative principles, each of them supports the other, and for this, a person can never get rid of the control of moral principles, because it is supported by the religious conscience that stems from the human self that grows with belief and grows with worship, and one of the most important moral values Next :

A- The commitment of honesty, honesty and the prohibition of fraud. B- Good claim. C – Good fulfillment. D – Not to harm others. E- Moral conditions.

Legislative Principles : It can be devised from the following sources : A. The Holy Quran. B. The Sunnah of the Prophet. C. Diligent sources.

The foundations of the Islamic economic system :

1/ Considering good money is the strength of life. 2/ Work is a duty for every capable. 3/ Revealing the sources of wealth. 4/ The prohibition of malicious gain. 5/ Righting between classes and equality for living. 6/ The sanctity of money and respect for ownership. 7/ Organizing financial transactions. 8/ The responsibility of the state. (Sawan, 2004, pp. 40-41-42).

Some knew the money that what is being done and forbidden and this definition with its briefing is more general and more comprehensive, but it includes benefits, and in mind the money is a dispute between the Hanafis and others. (World, 1993, p. Benefits and achieving benefit from food, clothing and shelter as necessary needs and optimized octive needs, and an analytical attempt must be an analytical attempt for the decision of individual and collective consumption, and a statement of the most important analytical differences compared to traditional economic analysis.

Provisions, rules and theories of traditional economic systems :

 Rulings in the Islamic economy are derived from divine rulings, the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the sources of ijtihad and measurement, and they are binding and everyone who disagrees with it is punished by deprivation, torment and penalties in this world and the hereafter, because violating the rulings in it is harmful to man and society because God Almighty loves that the individual and society are correct and healthy from every disease and sickness until he performs His duty that God has imposed on him, which are provisions, including what is the texts of the definitive indication, and some of them are permissible and some of them are interpreted by the rulings of the Prophet’s Sunnah, and some of them are diligent and what is based on measurement and takes into account the public interest. The weak who is afflicted by deficiency, negligence, passion, pleasure, and satisfying the soul from desires regardless of the divine rule in it, which is a narrow, inferior and subjective view that takes into account individual and collective special interests above the public interest, as are theories, laws and rules of insvent from the revelation and thought of human beings and human beings, his mind is a gift from God and has limits Certain, therefore these theories and laws are not binding and whoever contradicts them, there is no punishment, guilt, or gear, and whoever adheres to them does not obtain reward, they are jurisprudence of the ideas of human scholars subject to error and right and subject to experiences and evaluation in all human activity in all aspects of life, and we mention them as a way The example consumption, production, ownership, income and wealth distribution, and the practice of economic activities, food, clothing, drink, housing, and all the necessities of life, population, nature, climate and luxury, all of which have strong provisions, rules, pillars and pillars in the Islamic economy, and in traditional economic economies from the situation of human beings, they are changing and vulnerable to human whims, and as it is The case in Malts theory in the population, the theory of Ricardo in wages and the decrease in yield, Darwin’s theory, the theories of supply and demand, market balance and consumer balance using benefit, balance theory and the theory of the hidden hand of Smith Damas, the theories of consumer behavior and benefit theory, the theory of feelings and the Angel law, and the consumer behavior of Ibn Khaldun And Keynes theory of effective demand and other laws and traditional theories of the incomplete favorable position, despite its abundance and indication that it is empty that does not meet the desires of the consumer and the product, in addition to the theories of modern, natural and classic school scientists in capitalist and socialist systems that have proven the failure of their theories and its weakness, which made people refuse this The limited principles in these regimes that are no longer suitable for societies, and have no acceptance where people thought about the alternative and there is no alternative except the Islamic economy to establish its rulings, rules and principles contained in the Qur’an, Sunnah, diligence and measure For life and everything created by the amount of the night in the day, as all things are in his hand, and nothing is unable to be in the earth, nor in the Almighty, the deficiency, shortcomings, and weakness is effective for what he wants, and his rulings are not subject to experiences, distortion, or switching.

The concept of consumption

Consuming or consumer spending in general means that the consumer gets different goods and services to satisfy his multiple needs, and the consumer is every person or group of people who have an effective demand for a specific commodity or service, meaning that he wants to obtain it and has the financial ability to buy it and pay the price scheduled for it in the market And consumption is an important pillar of economic activity in the country, due to its close connection with the process of satisfying the current or future needs of consumers, whether they are individuals or together in the form of a family, association, institution, company, or other forms of local gatherings, as it constitutes the main consumer spending that It directs productive processes in the various sectors of the national economy, because it has a direct relationship in determining the quality and amount of goods and services to be produced, and how to allocate limited economic resources to satisfy the basic needs of society with a higher priority, and it should be noted that the scarcity of resources in society, whatever its economic system, makes it a process The allocation of resources is based on the optimal choice for the needs to be satisfied, and the other needs that must be sacrificed, and the economic problem is the problem of scarcity of the available economic resources and the method of allocating them, to obtain the largest possible amount of unlimited multiple needs, and whatever economic development in a society, its resources are not enough to produce All his needs of goods and services, and because of the scarcity of resources, the process of making decisions is the most difficult task that the individual faces as a consumer, or the institution that produces goods and services, whether in the business sector or the public sector, and the consumer faces the problem of allocating his limited resources (income designated for consumption) to satisfy his needs from The priority goods and services for him, and the rational consumer aims to achieve the greatest degree of gratification (or benefit) through spending his limited income, and it is important to alert that the analytical economic studies of consumer behavior are not aimed at setting the rules that the consumer must adhere to in his actions and decisions, Rather, it is intended to know and analyze the behavior that the rational consumer takes, and he is in the process of seeking to satisfy his various needs, and it uses the curves of alike in analyzing the behavior of the consumer during his spending of limited income on buying different goods and services. (Sawan, 2004, pp. 99 –100).

Consumption in the Islamic economic system is loyalty, a direct, Islamic, Islamic need, such as a drink, food, clothing, shelter, and other direct humanitarian needs, using economic goodness, and it is also known that the freedom of the consumer in this system is part of its freedom to practice economic activity, which is a branch of public freedom The organization with the controls of Islamic belief and law, and these controls would achieve fair participation for all people in using the outcome of the use of available economic resources, and that the person be free from his desires, and from the excessive consumption of the need that may result from the pressures of advertisements and others, as it results from the effect of simulation for other People who differ from them in their needs as a result of the varying conditions, and the freedom of the consumer in the Islamic economic system in choosing the types and amounts of types and amounts of goods and services that require his need completely available, but within the framework of moderation and the care of priorities that focus on the purposes of Islamic law from creation by achieving their interest in the urgent and calf together, Which limits consumption to the normal needs of the human being, and at levels that range to the finest levels of consumption that are like the most likely minds, and it is followed only by luxury and extravagance that dispels resources without spending a real need together for its owner, but that this freedom amounts to some levels of consumption, which is consumption of illnesses, to The rank of duty, whose owner is inhabited by leaving his entirety. (Abu Al -Fotouh, 2011, p. 62).

As for the traditional statutory systems, consumption is defined as the saturation of the pilgrims, whether necessary or unjust, harmful or beneficial, and there are no forbidden or prohibited goods, so all goods consume are available without rules or rulings, and the consumer must consume everything that is produced regardless of its benefit or harm , And production is not governed by rules or controls that control production, and the production process has two aspects: First, the objective aspect of the means that is used, the nature that is practiced, and the work that is spent during production. Secondly, the self -side is the psychological motivation, the purpose that is targeted by this process, and evaluating the process according to the perceptions of justice. (Al -Sadr, 1986, p. 647).

Consumption in the Islamic economy system is to satisfy your needs in moderation, moderation and balance, and to defuse Islam, the extravagance, sowing, and extravagance, and commanded the Almighty to moderate in consumption and not go over to satisfy the needs for his saying : (And do not make your hand tied to your neck and do not simplify all the rugs, so you will sit with a siphon) Al -Israa, i.e. 29. The extravagance in Islam is eager and reprehensible, because God praised him is a matter of moderation in everything and in all aspects of life, because he created everything with a balance, not excess or negligence, because he said most of it: (And everything we created with the extent of weighted) Surat Al -Hijr verse 19, Likewise, the Lord created everything and arranged for him for his command, for he is the creator of the universe and his manager and with his hand the reins of all matters, and he mocked the universe and the heavens and the land for the human being and to moderate, do not overlook or dispel and waste economic resources, because the resources are a gift and yes from God that is countless and countless, for his saying and God: (The kinship of his right, the poor and the son of the path, and do not sow wasting. The resources of others, which is the strong power of power, provides all its creatures from its smallest creatures to the largest, and all of them are blessed with his mercy, virtue and generosity, so it is not forbidden for a creature from them, whether a Muslim or a polytheist and an infidel, all of them are his creatures that guarantee a livelihood and satisfy their needs of food, drink, clothing and shelter for the Almighty saying: (And in the sky, your livelihood and what You vow) Surat Al -Dhurat, i.e. 22, and the division of God Almighty affirmed that this is the right of God to the servants that he is the one who created them and he is the one who blesses them for his saying: (The heaven and earth is right that it is like what you are pronouncing) The offspring, i.e. 23, as well as our Lord, Glory be to Him. Wuddles are provided in the stone, the bees are provided, and make it a shelter, eating, and drinking from the flower, as in the Almighty saying: (And your Lord revealed to the bees to take from the mountains homes and from the trees and from what they are spreading and then all of all the fruits, so wire the ways of your Lord, humiliate from its stomachs, a drink of different colors in it in healing for people There is any of the people you think), the bees, i.e. 67, 68, so livelihoods and ages are in the hand Brady, their provision for what their faith possessed, they are in it, whether God, may God deny) the bees, verses 69, 70, 71, and then marriage and the children are boys and grandchildren and the goodness is a provision from God for his saying, Glory Will the falsehood believe and bless God, they disbelieve) the bees, i.e. 72, our Lord mocked the human to the heavens and the earth and made what is in the ground and its apparents of goodness and fruits and all the treasures of the earth to consume the human being for his saying: (And the earth has extended it and we threw it from everything weighted and made you live in it and whoever does not have a ritual From something except we have his treasures and what we reveal except with a known amount) Al -Hijr Ayat 19, 20, 21, and God comes from all he asked him for the Almighty saying: (And you and you from everything you asked, and if you go to the grace of God, do not count it. , And also his saying: (And if the grace of God is not counted, God is forgiven for a merciful) bee, meaning 18. And moderation without excessive or overburden and in full moderation, and that the extravagant consumption that the destruction resources are not consumed by depriving him of these blessings and the torment of it and the melody of earthquakes, volcanoes, torrents, floods, wars and many disasters, because he said: (A reassured safe village that comes to its liveli God is the desirability of hunger and fear and a lack of souls and fruits and the preacher of the Sabreen) Surat Ayah, the distress is caused by disbelief and disbelief in the grace of God, and thus the country suffers from wars, terror, fear, lack of security and safety, and the wide provision increases the consumer process. The serpent and his servants, and the provision of livelihood for His servants until he strengthens them and helps them to worship them for the Almighty saying: (And I did not create jinn and mankind except to worship what I want from them of livelihood and what I want to feed, that God is the Razzaq with the solid power) Surat Al -Dhmarir, i.e., 56, 57, 58, There are many verses that indicate that God is the one who extends the livelihood for the Almighty saying: (You worship without God, and you create a dismantling that those who worship without God do not have a livelihood for you, so they sought with God the livelihood and worship Him and thank Him for him to return) Surat Al -Ankabut, verse 17, and his saying: (As if from an animal that does not carry its livelihood, may God bless you and you, and he is the Hearer, the Knower), the spider, verse 60, and God Almighty said: (God extends the provision of the provision to whomever He wills from His servants and appreciates him that God is all knowledgeable) To whom he wants and is estimated that there are no people for people who believe) Romans, verse 37, and his saying most of him: (Say that my Lord simplifies the livelihood for whom he wills from His servants and appreciates him and what you have spent from something, he succeeds him and he is the best of the provision) Saba, i.e. 39, and his saying: (And who became those who They wished for his place yesterday, they say, and God will extend the livelihood for whom He wills from His servants and appreciate if not for God for us to lose to us and if the disbelievers do not succeed) Stories, verse 82, and the Almighty saying: (And if God extended the provision of His servants, they would be in the earth, but he will come down as much as he wants to be his servants expert Basir) Surat Al -Shura, verse 27, and God Almighty tells that the extension of livelihood in large quantities of His servants leads them to prostitution, corruption and delusion, and therefore the livelihood is divided into his servants in a fair and fair manner so that they are not exposed to arrogance, oppression, power and dominance over the other layers of the servants and no one is going on on the other and therefore God It is justice and it is the opposite above His servants, as in the Almighty saying: (He has the reins of the heavens and the earth that extends the livelihood for whomever he wants and is able to be with everything knowledgeable) Surat Al -Shura, verse 12.

The economic problem from the point of view of Islam: The problem of the scarcity of economic resources that requires the will of God to be like this for something that God knows and human beings do not teach, to be a land that has economic resources from minerals and others and others that are lacking, which is known as the relative scarcity so that these economic resources are available in varying proportions And this scarcity faces all individuals and societies at each stage of the economic and social development, and in a brief way it is the problem arising from the inability of the available resources to satisfy all the multiple and renewed human needs, and that the availability of resources in society is only an increasing significance of science and technology, meaning that any increase in Knowledge and knowledge through scientific research, innovations and continuous inventions will lead to the discovery of new resources, their locations, and the creation of the means of exploitation in addition to knowing their multiple uses and estimating the costs of their production, and whatever a person is based on works to develop his resources, they will remain short and insufficient to satisfy his increasing needs, which grow at a greater and faster rate than Resource growth rate.

3. The third axis: consumption and property in Islamic thought:

Islamic thought acknowledges the multiplicity of human needs, their development and renewal, but it regulates these needs and the means of satisfying them, and eliminates what falls within the framework of luxury, extravagance, malicious and forbidden needs, and the purpose of this organization is to cause a balance between human efforts and its endeavor to benefit from the available resources, as Islam looks at the economic problem resulting from The scarcity of economic resources as a default from man in exerting his effort to seek to discover the resources in the universe and harness them for his benefit, and benefit from them in satisfying his legitimate needs, in addition to the laziness of man and his hardships in estimating his material needs and neglecting the spiritual needs, and there is no doubt that the resources that God gave them to human beings that are abundant resources, but the truth indicates the depletion of the resources available to society and their disperse, and as a person seeks to satisfy his material needs, whether they are useful or harmful goods in his validity according to the Western concept of benefit in capitalist or socialist economic systems, which lost the human capacity and made it beneficial as long as they are Satisfying certain needs for some groups of society, and examples of harmful goods that producers accept their production and distribution of consumption, such as anesthesia that young people use without a prescription and drugs in all their old and modern classes such as ice, grains, burial, injection, smell, etc., alcoholic drinks, deadly destructive weapons, weapons of mass destruction, etc.

Economic thought in Islam stems from monotheism and complete submission to the will of God, as this is adopted in the comparative verses and hadiths, the texts and other rules that try to treat the human psyche and rid it of badness, the tendency of evil, aggression, and the shedding of the blood of others, as is the case today from the outbreak of wars, conflict, and igniting the fire of sedition, conspiracies, and plans Which seeks to eliminate a state in its condition in the hope of its resources and its goods, and the examples of this are many countries that have been dismantled, torn and divided to weaken and destroy it so that they can loot its economic resources, but monotheism calls on the Muslim person to submit to the will of God so that life is merely an experience that a person aims to succeed and excel And the resources that God gave us, and mocked them to serve people and guide us to reveal them and understand their secrets in the human neck, is held accountable for its good exploitation of it and benefit from its consumption, as it calls for monotheism to cooperate between people without discrimination between them, and God blesses the pursuit of the service of others, solidarity and social solidarity between Members of one community so that everyone is blessed with a fair distribution of resources and giving people equal opportunities for education, work and production.

Islam founded an ancient and established civilization that contributed to progress, sophistication, purity and purity, while humanity was under the weight of injustice, enslavement, persecution, slavery and darkness, and that Islam sees all resources as honesty in man. And the extravagance, as is the case in official and public and private occasions, what happens today is tampering and manipulating the resources and using them by neglecting, especially in food, clothing, and shelter, dwelling, boasting, proud, arrogant, arrogant, and forgot God, and they forgot themselves, and therefore there is a lot of killing, corruption, betrayal, tanning, evil and temptation that was not in our ancestors, and the death became death In sentence, bloodshed, blood, irrigating the earth, corruption, looting, and wars that eliminate green and dry, hardship and fear of the unknown, and all this is a product of the human being violating God’s orders and did not avoid what God forbade him, so he shed them on them He has a living living and we put them in the Day of Resurrection blind) This promise is from God to everyone who violates the Creator and does not benefit from the resources, but rather has a tone and a blame and not a blessing, so a person must take into account adulthood in consumption so that the problem does not occur The economic that is caused by injustice, aggression, wars, and human injustice to his human brother, transcendence, arrogance and bullying on others for the purpose of looting their wealth and resources. We remember that the monarchy in this universe is God alone who has no partner and he is the one who is given and the mind is the owner of the king. As for man, he is left behind from God in this earth, and then the ownership of human beings for money, wealth and resources is not an absolute authentic property, but it is acquired by disagreement, so a person as the successor of God is in The earth, and the human being who is worthy of money by proxy from God, and money is the money of God, but a person is merely a secretary, an agent or a guardian of his saying: (They believe in God and His Messenger, and spend what made you backward in it) The Holy Quran, Surat Al -Hadid, i.e. 7, and his saying: (And he will succeed you in The earth looks how you work) Al -Qaran, Surat Al -A’raf, verse 129, and his saying: (And they understand from the money of God who brought you) The Quran, Surat Al -Nur, verse 33, and God has specialized some of his servants with responsibility for what he gave them to be held accountable for its good use in a way that benefits the good And the benefit of all members of society, (Sawan, 2004, p. 85,86), and to produce what is useful for society and move away from the goods harmful to society and the lack of consumer spending on them, and the disagreement of God for man in this life aims to build the earth and delight its people so that the human society will benefit from the earth Goodness and yes, provided that money is acquired and spent by legitimate means, consuming legitimate and permissible goods that benefit the individual and society, and to avoid harmful goods that belong to destruction, destruction, and ruin to society, according to the jurisprudence rule (no harm or harm) and gain it by beating in the land, effort, work, and rejecting the accommodation Begging, dissolution, intrusion, and unlawful gain as in the jurisprudential rule (sheep in fines).

Also, Islamic civilization is based on Islamic systems that are based on ideological principles, the rules and provisions of the tolerant Islamic Sharia, and the distinct holistic view of the universe and life. And man and with the passage of ages, the decline in determination, weak will and determination, and the demands of enemies on Islam, and the Muslim nation when people were broken from the blessed light, and Muslims moved away from their economic systems, and the principles and teachings of their true religion, especially in the scope of their financial, commercial, economic, political and social transactions, and imposed on them systems Financial, economic, social and political that contradict their faith and principles, and the focus of its choice in this life, even though the Islamic economy has overwhelmed and prevailed by the economic and exotic economic regimes on the society of Islam, in which the application of the Islamic economic system prevailed, the Islamic economy: (It is the science of studying the means of using human being when it was succeeded In it to meet the needs of the individual and worldly society according to a specific legal approach).

Islamic economy : (It is the science that examines how man is managing and exploiting the rare economic resources to meet the spiritual and material needs of Islamic society in light of the provisions of the tolerant Sharia).

Ownership and the distribution of income and wealth in Islam :

Islam’s recognition of the right of private ownership of different resources as à trust among its owners, this imposes various obligations on these owners, the most important of which are the following :

1/ The rational management of resources in order to achieve the public interest.

2/ Motivating individuals to serious work produced and investing their resources in order to achieve the interest of the individual and society.

3/ Every person must obtain resources in a legitimate way as in the corner and the honorable year.

4/ The resources obtained in a legitimate manner must be disposed of in the production and consumption of legitimate, useful, harmless goods.

/ Since Sharia aims to achieve the welfare of the Islamic community, the freedom of individuals is restricted to the scope of social responsibility.

6/ Islam’s recognition of individual private property does not mean canceling the role of public ownership in society. (Sawan, 2004, pp. 87, 88).

The state interferes to put the monopolistic practices of private sector projects when it restricts production and control of wages and marketing markets, as Al -Qarah stressed the generous to establish justice and eradicate all forms of injustice and this basic message for all the messengers of God, and an ideal Muslim society cannot be visualized in which social and economic justice is not strengthened Also, Islam emphasizes the principle of fair distribution of income and wealth, and Islam rationalize and organize human needs and abolish those related to recreational needs or sow consumption, in order to achieve a balance between human efforts and his endeavor to discover new resources and what is available to him of the resources and the extent of its benefit from them, as it is. Islam is a special method for the issue of allocating resources and not directing them towards the production of harmful goods and services such as wines, drugs and facilitators, and an additional amount of entry to the poor (Zakat, alms and gifts), which leads to achieving growth in the gross domestic product to satisfy the good needs of man. (Sawan, 2004, p 89).

4. The fourth axis: comparison of consumption in economic systems:

5. Fifth axis : conclusion, results, recommendations, list of sources and references

Conclusion Conclusion: It includes results and recommendations as follows:

Results :

1/ The study demonstrated that consumption in the Islamic economy is bound by the provisions and divine ideological principles, the noble prophetic Sunnah, the sources of ijtihad and measurement as pillars and pillars that cannot be violated because its violation requires punishment and torment in this world and the hereafter and deprivation of the charitable of the world and the hereafter.

2/ The study showed that the controls of consumption in the traditional economic regulations are related to theories and laws that are from the legislation and situation of human beings that are afflicted by shortcomings and deficiency and therefore are not restricted and binding that can be overcome and not to be implemented, and there are no deterrent penalties for it.

3/ The study demonstrated that the Islamic economy prohibits consumption of goods and malicious services that the street has forbidden, bring damage and spoil the entire society, and Islam calls for preserving the purposes of the five law, the soul, the offspring, the mind, the money and the religion.

4/ The study emphasized that the traditional, traditional economic systems do not respect man and do not preserve his own rights and ownership, as well as do not take into account his freedoms, beliefs, traditions and legacies, and allow him to consume goods and malicious services that harm him such as alcohol, alcohol, drugs, prostitution, prostitution and sex of all kinds.

5/ The study demonstrated that spending on zakat, alms, gifts, gifts, and his etc. to consume others in the Islamic economy, is rewarded and those who do so and bless him in his money and wealth are not given money from charity, and he receives the charitable of the world and the hereafter.

6/ The study showed that spending on consumption and feeding except for two persistent economic systems is a waste of money and a loss that is not returned and defined to money and is useless.

7/ The study demonstrated that the Islamic economic system takes into account the consumption of goods and services not to waste and waste due to the achievement of the public interest.

8/ The study demonstrated that the Islamic economy system prohibits consumption by human injustice to its human brother.

/ The study demonstrated that the Islamic economic system prevents conflict and infringement of the economic resources of others, and the positive traditional economic regimes permitted the looting and infringement of the economic resources of others.

10/ The study demonstrated the failure of traditional economic systems, their lack of powers, benefit and harm to societies because of the absolute freedoms it gives to individuals in consumption and production.

Recommendations :

1/ Islamic and non -Islamic countries must adhere to and discipline the provisions and principles that control consumption.

2/ Countries must rationalize consumption and maintain economic resources, not to waste and waste.

3/ The states must stop the production of all malicious and destructive goods that bring damage and spoil society, such as drugs, wines, and weapons of mass destruction.

4/ Establishing and consolidating the principles of solidarity, cooperation, compassion, human morals, and the creation of sound healthy societies.

5/ Economic resources must be used optimal use that achieves luxury, goodness and development and takes into account the public interest.

6/ Spreading the principles of justice, peace and restricted freedom, respecting the rights of others, lack of infringement, injustice, corruption, Ogul and hegemony.

7/ Serious thinking in creating a comprehensive and integrated economic system valid for every time and place that addresses all economic problems, and there is no alternative except for the holistic Islamic economic system.

8/ Countries must stop hostilities, conspiracies, wars, conflict and not to infringe on the resources of other countries.

Sources and references :

Sources :

The Holy Quran, the Sunnah of the Prophet.

References :

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